Bears have travelled a path millions of years long — from primeval forests to the present day. Today their future depends on us.
Learn moreBears are among the most intelligent predators on the planet. They remember places where they found food for years, can distinguish hundreds of scents from up to 30 kilometres away, and solve problems on a par with primates.
Despite their fearsome appearance, most bears are omnivores: up to 80% of a brown bear's diet is berries, nuts, roots and grasses.
species of bears live on the planet today
an adult male polar bear can weigh
of winter sleep in northern latitudes
average lifespan in the wild
From Arctic ice to the bamboo forests of China. Each species adapted to its own world, and almost every one is threatened today.
The most widespread species. Found across Eurasia and North America, a symbol of the northern taiga.
The largest land predator. Melting Arctic ice is robbing it of its hunting grounds.
A symbol of conservation. Thanks to human effort, the population has grown to ~1,900 individuals.
An excellent tree climber that often wanders into suburbs.
The "moon bear" with a white crescent on its chest. Listed in the Red Data Book of Russia.
The smallest of all bears. Lives in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia.
"When the last bear disappears, a whole forest disappears with it"Folk wisdom of the northern peoples
Bears appeared long before humans and survived several ice ages. Yet in the last two centuries their numbers have fallen more than in all of previous history.
In the Miocene, the ancestor of modern bears — Ursavus, the "dawn bear", the size of a large dog — branches off from small dog-like carnivores.
The cave bear appears in Europe — a third larger than today's brown bear. Its bones are found in caves alongside prehistoric cave paintings.
Part of the brown bear population moves into the Arctic and evolves rapidly: white fur, webbed paws, a fat layer up to 10 cm thick.
Mass hunting, deforestation and land development. Bears all but vanish from Western Europe; in North America the grizzly population falls by 98%.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature publishes the first Red List. Six of the eight bear species eventually receive protected status.
Reserves, hunting bans and recovery programmes are paying off: the panda has been moved from "endangered" to "vulnerable", and the brown bear is returning to the Alps and Pyrenees.
Six of the eight bear species are on the IUCN Red List. The polar bear and Asiatic black bear are also protected by the Red Data Book of Russia. The main threat is not predators — it is people.
Everyone can help: support a reserve, refuse products made from wild animals, tell your friends about the problem.
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